Abandoned farmlands could play a role in fighting climate change: A new study shows exactly where they are

The team used machine learning to map nearly 30 million acres of United States cropland abandoned since the 1980s, creating a tool that could guide decisions about how to balance production of energy and food. ​The team used machine learning to map nearly 30 million acres of United States cropland abandoned since the 1980s, creating …

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Do epilepsy medications taken during pregnancy affect a child’s creativity?

While older drugs for epilepsy, taken while pregnant, have been shown in previous research to affect the creative thinking of children, a new study finds no effects on creativity for children born to those taking newer epilepsy drugs. ​While older drugs for epilepsy, taken while pregnant, have been shown in previous research to affect the …

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Blood flow makes waves across the surface of the mouse brain

Researchers have, for the first time, visualized the full network of blood vessels across the cortex of awake mice, finding that blood vessels rhythmically expand and contract leading to ‘waves’ washing across the surface of the brain. These findings improve the understanding of how the brain receives blood, though the function of the waves remains …

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A drying Salton Sea pollutes neighboring communities

Dust particles from the Salton Sea’s exposed lakebed increased air pollution in local communities, found a new study. The pollution coincides with reduced flows into the lake and diversions to San Diego. ​Dust particles from the Salton Sea’s exposed lakebed increased air pollution in local communities, found a new study. The pollution coincides with reduced …

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Researchers expose new symbiosis origin theories, identify experimental systems for plant life

Research work on symbiosis — a mutually beneficial relationship between living organisms — is pushing back against the newer theory of a ‘single-origin’ of root nodule symbiosis (RNS) — that all symbiosis between plant root nodules and nitrogen-fixing bacteria stems from one point–instead suggesting a ‘multiple-origin’ theory of sybiosis which opens a better understanding for …

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Antibiotic pollution disrupts the gut microbiome and blocks memory in aquatic snails

Antibiotics prevent snails from forming new memories by disrupting their gut microbiome — the community of beneficial bacteria found in their guts. ​Antibiotics prevent snails from forming new memories by disrupting their gut microbiome — the community of beneficial bacteria found in their guts. Antibiotics prevent snails from forming new memories by disrupting their gut microbiome …

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Existing drug shows promise as treatment for rare genetic disorder

A drug approved to treat certain autoimmune diseases and cancers successfully alleviated symptoms of a rare genetic syndrome called autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 (APS-1). Researchers identified the treatment based on their discovery that the syndrome is linked to elevated levels of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), a protein involved in immune system responses, providing new insights into …

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Novel vaccine concept generates immune responses that could produce multiple types of HIV broadly neutralizing antibodies

Using a combination of cutting-edge immunologic technologies, researchers have successfully stimulated animals’ immune systems to induce rare precursor B cells of a class of HIV broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs). The findings are an encouraging, incremental step in developing a preventive HIV vaccine. ​Using a combination of cutting-edge immunologic technologies, researchers have successfully stimulated animals’ immune …

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Scientists discover a novel modulator of human regulatory T cells

A research group have discovered a novel modulator for human regulatory T cells. This novel regulator can strengthen or dampen immune response and provides a new basis for therapeutic approaches for immune mediated diseases. ​A research group have discovered a novel modulator for human regulatory T cells. This novel regulator can strengthen or dampen immune …

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Safeguarding urban infrastructure from subsidence and liquefaction risks

During an earthquake, soil can weaken through subsidence and liquefaction. These processes can cause buildings to collapse as the soil becomes unable to support their weight. Researchers have now developed a model that predicts soil-bearing strength and thickness to identify stable construction sites and reduce structural risks. Additionally, the model can also predict other soil …

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